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Fortinet NSE7_EFW-7.2 Exam Syllabus Topics:
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NEW QUESTION # 22
Refer to the exhibit, which contains information about an IPsec VPN tunnel.
What two conclusions can you draw from the command output? (Choose two.)
- A. Both IPsec SAs are loaded on the kernel.
- B. Dead peer detection is set to enable.
- C. Forward error correction in phase 2 is set to enable.
- D. The IKE version is 2.
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
From the command output shown in the exhibit:
B). The IKE version is 2: This can be deduced from the presence of 'ver=2' in the output, which indicates that IKEv2 is being used.
C). Both IPsec SAs are loaded on the kernel: This is indicated by the line 'npu flags=0x0/0', suggesting that no offload to NPU is occurring, and hence, both Security Associations are loaded onto the kernel for processing.
Fortinet documentation specifies that the version of IKE (Internet Key Exchange) used and the loading of IPsec Security Associations can be verified through the diagnostic commands related to VPN tunnels.
NEW QUESTION # 23
Winch two statements about ADVPN are true? (Choose two)
- A. Spoke to-spoke traffic never goes through the hub
- B. lt supports NAI for on-demand tunnels
- C. auto-discovery receiver must be set to enable on the Spokes.
- D. Routing is configured by enabling add-advpn-route
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
ADVPN (Auto Discovery VPN) is a feature that allows to dynamically establish direct tunnels (called shortcuts) between the spokes of a traditional Hub and Spoke architecture. The auto-discovery receiver must be set to enable on the spokes to allow them to receive NHRP messages from the hub and other spokes. NHRP (Next Hop Resolution Protocol) is used for on-demand tunnels, which are established when there is traffic between spokes. Routing is configured by enabling add-nhrp-route, not add-advpn-route. References := ADVPN | FortiGate / FortiOS 7.2.0 | Fortinet Document Library, Technical Tip: Fortinet Auto Discovery VPN (ADVPN)
NEW QUESTION # 24
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which shows an ADVPN network.
The client behind Spoke-1 generates traffic to the device located behind Spoke-2.
Which first message floes the hub send to Spoke-110 bring up the dynamic tunnel?
- A. Shortcut offer
- B. Shortcut forward
- C. Shortcut query
- D. Shortcut reply
Answer: C
Explanation:
In an ADVPN scenario, when traffic is initiated from a client behind one spoke to another spoke, the hub sends a shortcut query to the initiating spoke. This query is used to determine if there is a more direct path for the traffic, which can then trigger the establishment of a dynamic tunnel between the spokes.
NEW QUESTION # 25
Which ADVPN configuration must be configured using a script on fortiManager, when using VPN Manager to manage fortiGate VPN tunnels?
- A. Set protected network to all
- B. Configure IP addresses on IPsec virtual interlaces
- C. Enable AD-VPN in IPsec phase 1
- D. Disable add-route on hub
Answer: C
Explanation:
To enable AD-VPN, you need to edit an SD-WAN overlay template and enable the Auto-Discovery VPN toggle. This will automatically add the required settings to the IPsec template and the BGP template. You cannot enable AD-VPN directly in the IPsec phase 1 settings using VPN Manager. Reference := ADVPN | FortiManager 7.2.0 - Fortinet Documentation
NEW QUESTION # 26
Refer to the exhibit.
which contains a partial configuration of the global system. What can you conclude from this output?
- A. NPs and CPs are enabled
- B. Only NPs are disabled
- C. Only CPs arc disabled
- D. NPs and CPs arc disabled
Answer: D
Explanation:
The configuration output shows various global settings for a FortiGate device. The terms NP (Network Processor) and CP (Content Processor) relate to FortiGate's hardware acceleration features. However, the provided configuration output does not directly mention the status (enabled or disabled) of NPs and CPs.
Typically, the command to disable or enable hardware acceleration features would specifically mention NP or CP in the command syntax. Therefore, based on the output provided, we cannot conclusively determine the status of NPs and CPs, hence option D is the closest answer since the output does not confirm that they are enabled.
References:
* FortiOS Handbook - CLI Reference for FortiOS 5.2
NEW QUESTION # 27
Refer to the exhibit.
which contains a partial configuration of the global system. What can you conclude from this output?
- A. NPs and CPs are enabled
- B. Only NPs are disabled
- C. Only CPs arc disabled
- D. NPs and CPs arc disabled
Answer: D
Explanation:
The configuration output shows various global settings for a FortiGate device. The terms NP (Network Processor) and CP (Content Processor) relate to FortiGate's hardware acceleration features. However, the provided configuration output does not directly mention the status (enabled or disabled) of NPs and CPs.
Typically, the command to disable or enable hardware acceleration features would specifically mention NP or CP in the command syntax. Therefore, based on the output provided, we cannot conclusively determine the status of NPs and CPs, hence option D is the closest answer since the output does not confirm that they are enabled.
References:
* FortiOS Handbook - CLI Reference for FortiOS 5.2
NEW QUESTION # 28
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which provides information on BGP neighbors.
Which can you conclude from this command output?
- A. You must change the AS number to match the remote peer.
- B. The bfd configuration to set to enable.
- C. The router are in the number to match the remote peer.
- D. BGP is attempting to establish a TCP connection with the BGP peer.
Answer: D
Explanation:
The BGP state is "Idle", indicating that BGP is attempting to establish a TCP connection with the peer. This is the first state in the BGP finite state machine, and it means that no TCP connection has been established yet.
If the TCP connection fails, the BGP state will reset to either active or idle, depending on the configuration. References: You can find more information about BGP states and troubleshooting in the following Fortinet Enterprise Firewall 7.2 documents:
* Troubleshooting BGP
* How BGP works
NEW QUESTION # 29
Which two statements about the Security fabric are true? (Choose two.)
- A. Only the root FortiGate collects network topology information and forwards it to FortiAnalyzer
- B. Only FortiGate devices with configuration-sync receive and synchronize global CMDB objects that the toot FortiGate sends
- C. Only the root FortiGate sends logs to FortiAnalyzer
- D. FortiGate uses the FortiTelemetry protocol to communicate with FortiAnatyzer.
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
FortiGate uses the FortiTelemetry protocol to communicate with FortiAnalyzer and other Security Fabric devices to exchange information such as device status, network topology, and security events1. Only the root FortiGate collects network topology information and forwards it to FortiAnalyzer, where it can be viewed and analyzed2. Reference: = Security Fabric - Fortinet Documentation, Fortinet Security Fabric for Securing Digital Innovations
NEW QUESTION # 30
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which contains an active-active toad balancing scenario.
During the traffic flow the primary FortiGate forwards the SYN packet to the secondary FortiGate.
What is the destination MAC address or addresses when packets are forwarded from the primary FortiGate to the secondary FortiGate?
- A. Secondary physical MAC port2 then virtual MAC port2
- B. Secondary virtual MAC port1
- C. Secondary physical MAC port1
- D. Secondary virtual MAC port1 then physical MAC port1
Answer: C
Explanation:
In an active-active load balancing scenario, when the primary FortiGate forwards the SYN packet to the secondary FortiGate, the destination MAC address would be the secondary's physical MAC on port1, as the packet is being sent over the network and the physical MAC is used for layer 2 transmissions.
NEW QUESTION # 31
Refer to the exhibit, which shows a network diagram.
Which IPsec phase 2 configuration should you impalement so that only one remote site is connected at any time?
- A. Set single-source to enable
- B. Set route-overlap to either use-new or use-old
- C. Set net-device to enable
- D. Set route-overlap to allow.
Answer: B
Explanation:
To ensure that only one remote site is connected at any given time in an IPsec VPN scenario, you should use route-overlapwith the option to either use-new or use-old. This setting dictates which routes are preferred and how overlaps in routes are handled, allowing for one connection to take precedence over the other (C).
References:
* FortiOS Handbook - IPsec VPN
NEW QUESTION # 32
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which contains a partial policy configuration.
Which setting must you configure to allow SSH?
- A. Include SSH in the Application field
- B. Configure pot 22 in the Protocol Options field.
- C. Specify SSH in the Service field
- D. Select an application control profile corresponding to SSH in the Security Profiles section
Answer: C
Explanation:
* Option A is correct because to allow SSH, you need to specify SSH in the Service field of the policy configuration. This is because the Service field determines which types of traffic are allowed by the policy1. By default, the Service field is set to App Default, which means that the policy will use the default ports defined by the applications. However, SSH is not one of the default applications, so you need to specify it manually or create a custom service for it2.
* Option B is incorrect because configuring port 22 in the Protocol Options field is not enough to allow SSH. The Protocol Options field allows you to customize the protocol inspection and anomaly protection settings for the policy3. However, this field does not override the Service field, which still needs to match the traffic type.
* Option C is incorrect because including SSH in the Application field is not enough to allow SSH. The Application field allows you to filter the traffic based on the application signatures and categories4.
However, this field does not override the Service field, which still needs to match the traffic type.
* Option D is incorrect because selecting an application control profile corresponding to SSH in the Security Profiles section is not enough to allow SSH. The Security Profiles section allows you to apply various security features to the traffic, such as antivirus, web filtering, IPS, etc. However, this section does not override the Service field, which still needs to match the traffic type. References: =
* 1: Firewall policies
* 2: Services
* 3: Protocol options profiles
* 4: Application control
NEW QUESTION # 33
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which contains a CLI script configuration on fortiManager. An administrator configured the CLI script on FortiManager rut the script tailed to apply any changes to the managed device after being executed.
What are two reasons why the script did not make any changes to the managed device? (Choose two)
- A. CLI scripts must start with #!.
- B. Static routes can be added using only TCI scripts.
- C. Incomplete commands can cause CLI scripts to fail.
- D. The commands that start with the # sign did not run.
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
The commands that start with the # sign did not run because they are treated as comments in the CLI script.
Incomplete commands can cause CLI scripts to fail because they are not recognized by the FortiGate device.
The other options are incorrect because static routes can be added using CLI or GUI, and CLI scripts do not need to start with #!. References := Configuring custom scripts | FortiManager 7.2.0 - Fortinet Documentation, section "CLI script syntax".
NEW QUESTION # 34
Refer to the exhibit, which shows a network diagram.
Which IPsec phase 2 configuration should you impalement so that only one remote site is connected at any time?
- A. Set single-source to enable
- B. Set route-overlap to either use-new or use-old
- C. Set net-device to enable
- D. Set route-overlap to allow.
Answer: B
Explanation:
To ensure that only one remote site is connected at any given time in an IPsec VPN scenario, you should use route-overlap with the option to either use-new or use-old. This setting dictates which routes are preferred and how overlaps in routes are handled, allowing for one connection to take precedence over the other (C).
References:
* FortiOS Handbook - IPsec VPN
NEW QUESTION # 35
You want to improve reliability over a lossy IPSec tunnel.
Which combination of IPSec phase 1 parameters should you configure?
- A. Odpd and dpd-retryinterval
- B. fec-ingress and fec-egress
- C. fragmentation and fragmentation-mtu
- D. keepalive and keylive
Answer: C
Explanation:
For improving reliability over a lossy IPSec tunnel, the fragmentation and fragmentation-mtu parameters should be configured. In scenarios where there might be issues with packet size or an unreliable network, setting the IPsec phase 1 to allow for fragmentation will enable large packets to be broken down, preventing them from being dropped due to size or poor network quality. The fragmentation-mtu specifies the size of the fragments. This is aligned with Fortinet's recommendations for handling IPsec VPN over networks with potential packet loss or size limitations.
NEW QUESTION # 36
Exhibit.
Refer to exhibit, which shows a central management configuration
Which server will FortiGate choose for web filler rating requests if 10.0.1.240 is experiencing an outage?
- A. Public FortiGuard servers
- B. 10.0.1.243
- C. 10.0.1.242
- D. 10.0.1.244
Answer: D
Explanation:
In the event of an outage at 10.0.1.240, the FortiGate will choose the next server in the sequence for web filter rating requests, which is 10.0.1.244 according to the configuration shown in the exhibit. This is because the server list is ordered by priority, and the server with the lowest priority number is chosen first. If that server is unavailable, the next server with the next lowest priority number is chosen, and so on. The public FortiGuard servers are only used if the include-default-servers option is enabled and all the custom servers are unavailable. References := Fortinet Enterprise Firewall Study Guide for FortiOS 7.2, page 132.
NEW QUESTION # 37
Which FortiGate in a Security I auric sends togs to FortiAnalyzer?
- A. Only the root FortiGate.
- B. The FortiGate devices performing network address translation (NAT) or unified threat management (UTM). if configured.
- C. Each FortiGate in the Security fabric.
- D. Only the last FortiGate that handled a session in the Security Fabric
Answer: C
Explanation:
Option B is correct because each FortiGate in the Security Fabric can send logs to FortiAnalyzer for centralized logging and analysis12. This allows you to monitor and manage the entire Security Fabric from a single console and view aggregated reports and dashboards.
Option A is incorrect because the root FortiGate is not the only device that can send logs to FortiAnalyzer. The root FortiGate is the device that initiates the Security Fabric and acts as the central point of contact for other FortiGate devices3. However, it does not have to be the only log source for FortiAnalyzer.
Option C is incorrect because the FortiGate devices performing NAT or UTM are not the only devices that can send logs to FortiAnalyzer. These devices can perform additional security functions on the traffic that passes through them, such as firewall, antivirus, web filtering, etc4. However, they are not the only devices that generate logs in the Security Fabric.
Option D is incorrect because the last FortiGate that handled a session in the Security Fabric is not the only device that can send logs to FortiAnalyzer. The last FortiGate is the device that terminates the session and applies the final security policy5. However, it does not have to be the only device that reports the session information to FortiAnalyzer. Reference: =
1: Security Fabric - Fortinet Documentation1
2: FortiAnalyzer Demo6
3: Security Fabric topology
4: Security Fabric UTM features
5: Security Fabric session handling
NEW QUESTION # 38
After enabling IPS you receive feedback about traffic being dropped.
What could be the reason?
- A. Np-accel-mode is set to enable
- B. IPS is configured to monitor
- C. Fail-open is set to disable
- D. Traffic-submit is set to disable
Answer: C
Explanation:
Fail-open is a feature that allows traffic to pass through the IPS sensor without inspection when the sensor fails or is overloaded. If fail-open is set to disable, traffic will be dropped in such scenarios1. Reference: = IPS | FortiGate / FortiOS 7.2.3 - Fortinet Documentation
NEW QUESTION # 39
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which contains a partial policy configuration.
Which setting must you configure to allow SSH?
- A. Include SSH in the Application field
- B. Configure pot 22 in the Protocol Options field.
- C. Specify SSH in the Service field
- D. Select an application control profile corresponding to SSH in the Security Profiles section
Answer: C
Explanation:
Option A is correct because to allow SSH, you need to specify SSH in the Service field of the policy configuration. This is because the Service field determines which types of traffic are allowed by the policy1. By default, the Service field is set to App Default, which means that the policy will use the default ports defined by the applications. However, SSH is not one of the default applications, so you need to specify it manually or create a custom service for it2.
Option B is incorrect because configuring port 22 in the Protocol Options field is not enough to allow SSH. The Protocol Options field allows you to customize the protocol inspection and anomaly protection settings for the policy3. However, this field does not override the Service field, which still needs to match the traffic type.
Option C is incorrect because including SSH in the Application field is not enough to allow SSH. The Application field allows you to filter the traffic based on the application signatures and categories4. However, this field does not override the Service field, which still needs to match the traffic type.
Option D is incorrect because selecting an application control profile corresponding to SSH in the Security Profiles section is not enough to allow SSH. The Security Profiles section allows you to apply various security features to the traffic, such as antivirus, web filtering, IPS, etc. However, this section does not override the Service field, which still needs to match the traffic type. Reference: =
1: Firewall policies
2: Services
3: Protocol options profiles
4: Application control
NEW QUESTION # 40
Which two statements about the Security fabric are true? (Choose two.)
- A. Only the root FortiGate sends logs to FortiAnalyzer
- B. Only FortiGate devices with configuration-sync receive and synchronize global CMDB objects that the toot FortiGate sends
- C. Only the root FortiGate collects network topology information and forwards it to FortiAnalyzer
- D. FortiGate uses the FortiTelemetry protocol to communicate with FortiAnatyzer.
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
In the Security Fabric, only the root FortiGate sends logs to FortiAnalyzer (B). Additionally, only FortiGate devices withconfiguration-syncenabled receive and synchronize global Central Management Database (CMDB) objects that the root FortiGate sends (C). FortiGate uses the FortiTelemetry protocol to communicate with other FortiGates, not FortiAnalyzer (A). The last option (D) is incorrect as all FortiGates can collect and forward network topology information to FortiAnalyzer.
References:
* FortiOS Handbook - Security Fabric
NEW QUESTION # 41
Which statement about network processor (NP) offloading is true?
- A. The NP provides IPS signature matching
- B. You can disable the NP for each firewall policy using the command np-acceleration st to loose.
- C. For TCP traffic FortiGate CPU offloads the first packets of SYN/ACK and ACK of the three-way handshake to NP
- D. The NP checks the session key or IPSec SA
Answer: C
Explanation:
Option A is correct because the FortiGate CPU offloads the first packets of TCP sessions to the NP for faster connection establishment and reduced CPU load1. This feature is called TCP offloading and it is enabled by default on FortiGate models with NP6 or higher2.
Option B is incorrect because the NP does not provide IPS signature matching. The NP only handles the packet forwarding and encryption/decryption functions, while the IPS signature matching is performed by the content processor (CP) or the CPU3.
Option C is incorrect because the command to disable the NP for each firewall policy is set np-acceleration disable, not set np-acceleration st to loose4. This command can be used to prevent certain traffic types from being offloaded to the NP, such as multicast, broadcast, or non-IP packets5.
Option D is incorrect because the NP does not check the session key or IPSec SA. The NP only offloads the IPSec encryption/decryption and tunneling functions, while the session key and IPSec SA are managed by the CPU. Reference: =
1: TCP offloading
2: Network processors (NP6, NP6XLite, NP6Lite, and NP4)
3: Content processors (CP9, CP9XLite, CP9Lite)
4: Disabling NP offloading for firewall policies
5: NP hardware acceleration alters packet flow
6: IPSec VPN concepts
NEW QUESTION # 42
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the output of a BGP summary.
What two conclusions can you draw from this BGP summary? (Choose two.)
- A. External BGP (EBGP) exchanges routing information.
- B. The router 100. 64. 3. 1 has the parameter bfd set to enable.
- C. The BGP session with peer 10. 127. 0. 75 is established.
- D. The neighbors displayed are linked to a local router with the neighbor-range set to a value of 4.
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
The output of the BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) summary shows details about the BGP neighbors of a router, their Autonomous System (AS) numbers, the state of the BGP session, and other metrics like messages received and sent.
From the BGP summary provided:
A).External BGP (EBGP) exchanges routing information.This conclusion can be inferred because the AS numbers for the neighbors are different from the local AS number (65117), which suggests that these are external connections.
B).The BGP session with peer 10.127.0.75 is established.This is indicated by the state/prefix received column showing a numeric value (1), which typically means that the session is established and a number of prefixes has been received.
C).The router 100.64.3.1 has the parameter bfd set to enable.This cannot be concluded directly from the summary without additional context or commands specifically showing BFD (Bidirectional Forwarding Detection) configuration.
D).The neighbors displayed are linked to a local router with the neighbor-range set to a value of 4.The neighbor-range concept does not apply here; the value 4 in the 'V' column stands for the BGP version number, which is typically 4.
NEW QUESTION # 43
You want to block access to the website ww.eicar.org using a custom IPS signature.
Which custom IPS signature should you configure?
- A.
- B.
- C.
- D.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Option D is the correct answer because it specifically blocks access to the website "www.eicar.org" using TCP protocol and HTTP service, which are commonly used for web browsing. The other options either use the wrong protocol (UDP), the wrong service (DNS or SSL), or the wrong pattern ("eicar" instead of
"www.eicar.org"). References := Configuring custom signatures | FortiGate / FortiOS 7.4.0 - Fortinet Document Library, section "Signature to block access to example.com".
NEW QUESTION # 44
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which contains the partial interface configuration of two FortiGate devices.
Which two conclusions can you draw from this con figuration? (Choose two)
- A. The VRRP domain uses the physical MAC address of the primary FortiGate
- B. On failover new primary device uses the same MAC address as the old primary
- C. 10.1.5.254 is the default gateway of the internal network
- D. By default FortiGate B is the primary virtual router
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
The configuration shows that VRRP (Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol) is enabled and both FortiGates have the vrrp-virtual-mac enable command, meaning they share the same MAC address. The primary FortiGate uses its physical MAC address as indicated by the set type physical command. The priority value determines which FortiGate is the primary virtual router, and in this case, FortiGate-A has a higher priority than FortiGate-B, so it is the primary by default. The IP address 10.1.5.254 is the virtual IP address of the VRRP group, not the default gateway of the internal network. Reference: You can find more information about VRRP configuration and troubleshooting in the following Fortinet Enterprise Firewall 7.2 documents:
VRRP
Technical Tip: FortiGate VRRP configuration and debug
Configuration Example: How to configure VRRP between a FortiGate and a Cisco router
NEW QUESTION # 45
After enabling IPS you receive feedback about traffic being dropped.
What could be the reason?
- A. Np-accel-mode is set to enable
- B. IPS is configured to monitor
- C. Fail-open is set to disable
- D. Traffic-submit is set to disable
Answer: C
Explanation:
Fail-open is a feature that allows traffic to pass through the IPS sensor without inspection when the sensor fails or is overloaded. If fail-open is set to disable, traffic will be dropped in such scenarios1. References:
= IPS | FortiGate / FortiOS 7.2.3 - Fortinet Documentation
When IPS (Intrusion Prevention System) is configured, iffail-openis set to disable, it means that if the IPS engine fails, traffic will not be allowed to pass through, which can result in traffic being dropped (D). This is in contrast to a fail-open setting, which would allow traffic to bypass the IPS engine if it is not operational.
NEW QUESTION # 46
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